Current date: 2025-12-18 (JST)
What Happened
Japan’s National Police Agency announced a record number of enforcement actions against illegal taxi operations, known locally as “shirotaku” (白タク), through October 2025. According to a report from Kyodo News, there were 113 cases, a tenfold increase compared to 2021. These operations often use private vehicles, which are not licensed or insured for commercial transport, to serve a growing number of foreign visitors. 1
Why This Matters for Travelers
This issue directly affects foreign travelers visiting Japan. These illegal services are often booked through social media or unauthorized apps before visitors arrive, presenting themselves as a convenient option. However, they operate outside of Japan’s legal framework for commercial transport. Travelers using these services may face risks including lack of proper insurance in case of an accident, potential for fare disputes or overcharging, and vehicles that do not meet official safety standards. This is a concern for any traveler, particularly those arriving at international airports or exploring major tourist destinations.
Location & Context
These illegal taxi activities are most frequently reported in areas with high concentrations of tourists. Authorities have focused enforcement efforts at major international gateways like Haneda Airport (HND) and Narita Airport (NRT). Other locations noted in official reports and news articles include popular districts such as Ginza in Tokyo, the resort town of Hakone, and the historic city of Kamakura. 2
Dates & Timing
The increase in illegal taxi operations is an ongoing issue tied to the recovery of inbound tourism to Japan. The police statistics cover the period from January to October 2025. Travelers should remain aware of this situation, as enforcement is continuous.
Access Information
The most reliable way for travelers to distinguish between a legal and an illegal taxi is by the vehicle’s license plate. The Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism (MLIT) has issued official guidance on this point. 3
| Vehicle Type | License Plate Color | Legality for Taxi Service |
| Legal, Licensed Taxi | Green background | Legal |
| Illegal “Shirotaku” | White background | Illegal |
Note on Ride-Sharing: Japan has started limited trials for official ride-sharing services in certain areas. As an exception, some vehicles with white license plates are permitted if they have the words “ride-share” or “有償運送車両” (paid transportation vehicle) clearly displayed. However, for most travelers, the simplest rule is to use taxis with green license plates or official airport transportation.
Practical Notes
•Safety and Insurance: Illegal taxis are not guaranteed to have the commercial insurance required to cover passengers in an accident.
•Fares: There are no meters or regulated fare structures, which can lead to disputes or significant overcharging.
•Legality: Using these services is not permitted. The MLIT warns that passengers using an unlicensed taxi may be questioned by police. 3
•Booking: Be cautious of unsolicited offers at airports or through non-official travel websites and social media groups.
Official Information
The Japanese government and police are actively warning tourists about this issue. The Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism provides multilingual flyers at airports to educate visitors. These resources clearly state that using private vehicles for paid transport without permission is prohibited in Japan.
Summary
Japanese authorities are increasing their crackdown on illegal “shirotaku” taxis that target foreign visitors. While the convenience of app-based booking may be appealing, these services carry significant risks related to safety, insurance, and fare legality. Travelers can protect themselves by learning to identify official, licensed taxis, which primarily use green license plates. When in doubt, always opt for official airport transport, designated taxi stands, or reputable ride-hailing apps that are legally operating in Japan.
Sources / References
Notes & Limitations
•The information is based on official reports and news articles as of December 2025.
•The legal status and operational areas of official ride-sharing services in Japan are subject to change. Travelers should verify the latest rules upon arrival.
Certainty Level
High
